First
Aid for Joint & Muscle Injuries
THE
R.I.C.E. RECOVERY FORMULA
REST: when an injury occurs, immediately stop using the
injured area.
ICE: apply to an injured joint or muscle reduces swelling
and bleeding by slowing blood flow to the area.
COMPRESSION: wrapping or tapping the injured extremity
reduces swelling and gives extra support to injured tissues.
ELEVATION: keep the injured body part above the level of the
heart slow blood flow to the area and reduces swelling.
APPLYING
ICE PROPERLY
WHEN: Ice or gel packs are the first choice of care during
the first 48-72 hours following the injury.
HOW: The application of ice directly to an injured or
painful area of the body can be quite a shock at first. To avoid this, apply
the ice pack as follows: Apple the ice or gel pack over a towel which will
allow for a gradual cooling and more comfort. Place the towel under hot (but
not scalding) running water, wring out excess water and place the towel on
affected area.
FREQUENCY: Each application of ice/gel packs should be 20-30
minutes, with 3-4 applications per day.
WARNINGS: Never apply ice for longer than 30 minutes at a
time, and not at all if the injured party is suffering from any of the
following: frostbite, areas of decreased sensation, Raynaud's disease, severe
circulation problems, Rheumatoid or gouty arthritis, or a worst-case scenario
such as coma. Also do not use chemical ice bags that require shaking or have to
be struck to be activated. Shaking and striking these bags may result in
leakage of the active chemicals. The chemicals are usually caustic and make
result in burns or other injuries.
APPLYING HEAT PROPERLY
WHEN: Moist heat may be applied 48-72 hours after injury. Heat increases circulation by dilating blood vessels and letting more blood into the area.
HOW: Moist head provides more soothing relief than dry heat. Gel packs, hot towels, hot baths, hot showers, whirl pools, steam saunas, and most heating pads are examples of heat with moisture.
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